Hitler's one armed salute had it's beginnings not in Rome, as is the popular consensus. In all actuality, this iconic gesture began in the classrooms of America:
The Pledge of Allegiance and Nazism in America
I am here merely to educate.
The Pledge of Allegiance and Nazism in America
The pledge of allegiance was the origin of the salute of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazi Party) because Francis Bellamy was a self-proclaimed national socialist who promoted “military socialism†(a Bellamy term). To promote militarism, Bellamy's pledge of allegiance began with a military salute.
The military salute was held for the phrase “I pledge allegiance†and then the right arm extended straight outward toward the flag for the rest of the chant.
I am here merely to educate.