AFP: World News
China's panda programme struggling after quake
by Robert J. Saiget Robert J. Saiget – Fri May 8, 10:54 am ET
CHENGDU, China (AFP) – China's quest to save the giant panda has been hit hard by last year's massive Sichuan earthquake, which destroyed a vital food source, inhibited its sex drive and sent tourism revenues diving.
While it is unclear how many pandas living in the wild were killed by the quake, it felled entire bamboo groves in their mountainous habitat and often rendered inaccessible those forests left standing.
For pandas being bred in captivity meanwhile, the earthquake coincided with a baby boom that is stretching resources and making it tougher for carers to find enough bamboo to go round.
"The biggest impact has been on the food source of the panda, as a lot of bamboo was destroyed," said Wang Chengdong, the director of the Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Centre.
"The food supply is very, very tight," Wang told AFP. "The disaster has had a huge impact on our centre and brought big difficulties too for our national treasure."
The 8.0-magnitude quake struck Sichuan province last May 12 leaving nearly 87,000 people dead or missing in this rugged, southwest region where China's endangered panda population is concentrated.
At a nursery at this breeding centre, near the provincial capital Chengdu, staff in blue medical gowns looked after two baby pandas while on a platform outside a couple of slightly older ones wrestled merrily.
The cubs came from a recent baby boom among pandas which has boosted demand for the species' favourite food, bamboo, just at a time when supplies are low due to the earthquake.
In turn, it has made it harder for the centre's staff to find food for the finicky animal, while wild pandas have in many cases been cut off from their usual food sources.
"The panda is a picky eater and is accustomed to eating bamboo from the same habitat, but now this is harder to find," Wang told reporters at the centre, which is home to 83 pandas.
Providing the right diet has been vital to China's success in breeding the species, Wang said -- there are nearly 300 in captivity, but only around 1,200 estimated to be living in the wild.
"Food is important for relaxation," he added. "The panda breeds better when it is relaxed so in this way the earthquake has had an impact (on the panda's sex drive)."
In recent years, panda breeding programmes in China have led to a mini-baby boom -- a record 25 pandas were born at nearly 50 breeding facilities in 2007 and preliminary figures suggested that continued last year.
"Last year at our centre we produced 18 pandas. This was our historical best," said Hou Rong, head of research at the Chengdu centre -- while adding that it meant over-crowded conditions and more animals to care for.
Meanwhile tourist income -- an important revenue stream for the centre at Chengdu -- fell almost to half in 2008 due to the quake, with visitor numbers dropping from 600,000 in 2007 to 300,000 last year, she said.
The global economic downturn could also hit the number of visitors, while donations may also drop.
Exacerbating such financial woes, the Chengdu centre last year took in 40 pandas from the Wolong Giant Panda Breeding Centre, China's biggest, which was largely destroyed by the quake, Wang said.
Much of the Wolong centre, which sits nestled in the Himalayan foothills near the epicentre of the quake, will have to be rebuilt, and its efforts to reintroduce captive pandas back into the wild have also suffered.
Although the 40 pandas housed at the Chengdu centre have been returned to Wolong, nearly 100 others from Wolong remain in other breeding centres around China.
The baby boom has also made efforts to return captive pandas to the wild -- crucial to the species' survival -- more pressing, Wang said.
The Chengdu centre is to build a separate facility to research methods on re-introducing the notoriously shy animals into the wild, including training them to forage for food, seek shelter and cope with wild pandas.
"We need to protect the panda and its habitat," Wang added. "But this is still going to take a long time." Pandas at the Chengd Breeding Centre are still feeling the aftershocks of last year's Sichuan quake, which destroyed a vital food source and sent tourism revenues diving. Duration: 01:48